鑄造的品種和特色 當(dāng)溫度超越300-400℃(鋼的藍(lán)脆區(qū))，到達(dá)700-800℃時(shí)，變鑄造對(duì)金屬坯料(不含板材)施加外力，使其發(fā)生塑性變形、改動(dòng)尺度、形狀及改進(jìn)功能,用以制作機(jī)械零件、工件、工具或毛坯的成形加工辦法。 鑄造的品種和特色 當(dāng)溫度超越300-400℃(鋼的藍(lán)脆區(qū))，到達(dá)700-800℃時(shí)，變形阻力將急劇減小，變形才能也得到很大改進(jìn)。依據(jù)在不一樣的溫度區(qū)域進(jìn)行的鑄造，對(duì)于鍛件質(zhì)量和鑄造技術(shù)需求的不一樣，可分為冷鍛、溫鍛、熱鍛三個(gè)成型溫度區(qū)域。本來這種溫度區(qū)域的區(qū)分并無嚴(yán)厲的邊界，通常地講，在有再結(jié)晶的溫度區(qū)域的鑄造叫熱鍛，不加熱在室溫下的鑄造叫冷鍛。

　　在低溫鑄造時(shí)，山東鍛件加工的尺度變化很小。在700℃以下鑄造，氧化皮形成少，并且表面無脫碳表象。因而，只需變形能在成形能范圍內(nèi)，冷鍛簡單得到極好的尺度精度和表面光潔度。只需控制好溫度和光滑冷卻，700℃以下的溫鍛也可以獲得極好的精度。熱鍛時(shí)，因?yàn)樽冃文芎妥冃巫枇Χ己苄?，可以鑄造形狀復(fù)雜的大鍛件。要得到高尺度精度的鍛件，可在900-1000℃溫度域內(nèi)用熱鍛加工。別的，要注意改進(jìn)熱鍛的工作環(huán)境。鍛模壽數(shù)(熱鍛2-5千個(gè)，溫鍛1-2萬個(gè)，冷鍛2-5萬個(gè))與其它溫度域的鑄造比較是較短的，但它的自由度大，成本低。

　　坯料在冷鍛時(shí)要發(fā)生變形和加工硬化，使鍛模接受高的荷載，因而，需求運(yùn)用高強(qiáng)度的鍛模和采用避免磨損和粘結(jié)的硬質(zhì)光滑膜處理辦法。別的，為避免坯料裂紋，需求時(shí)進(jìn)行中心退火以保證需求的變形才能。為保持杰出的光滑狀況，可對(duì)坯料進(jìn)行磷化處理。在用棒料和盤條進(jìn)行連續(xù)加工時(shí)，當(dāng)前對(duì)斷面還不能作光滑處理，正在研究運(yùn)用磷化光滑辦法的可能。

　　濟(jì)南泉西重型鍛造有限公司18764458888成立于1996年是濟(jì)南較大的鍛件生產(chǎn)廠家之一,主營鍛造,鍛造加工,鍛件廠.主要生產(chǎn)各種模具鋼、工具鋼高速鋼、普碳鋼坯及來料加工,最大單件生產(chǎn)量可達(dá)25噸.

　　中譯英：When the temperature exceeds 300-400 degrees C (the blue and brittle zone of steel) and reaches 700-800 degrees C, the casting can make plastic deformation, change the scale, shape and improve function to make the forming process of mechanical parts, workpieces, tools or blanks. When the temperature exceeds 300-400 C (the blue and brittle zone of steel), the deformation resistance will be reduced sharply and the deformation can be greatly improved. According to the different temperature areas, the casting can be divided into three forming temperature regions, such as cold forging, warm forging and hot forging, for the difference between the quality of the forging and the demand of the casting technology. There is no strict boundary between this region of temperature. Generally speaking, the casting is called hot forging in the region of recrystallized temperature, and the casting that is not heated at room temperature is called cold forging.

　　In cryogenic casting, the dimension of forging is very small. Less than 700 degrees C, the oxide scale is less, and the surface has no decarburization. Therefore, only the deformation energy can be obtained in the forming energy range, and cold forging can achieve excellent scale accuracy and surface finish. We only need to control temperature and smooth cooling, and warm forging below 700 degrees can achieve excellent accuracy. When hot forging, because deformation energy and deformation resistance are very small, it can cast large forgings with complex shape. To obtain high precision forgings, hot forging can be done in the 900-1000 temperature range. In addition, we should pay attention to improving the working environment of hot forging. The number of forging dies (hot forging 2-5 thousand, warm forging 1-2 million, cold forging 2-5 million) is shorter than other casting in other temperature fields, but the degree of freedom is large and the cost is low.

　　When the blank should be deformed and hardened during cold forging to make the forging die accept high load, it is necessary to use high strength forging die and use hard smooth film treatment to avoid wear and bond. In addition, in order to avoid billet cracks, center annealing is needed to ensure the deformation of demand. In order to maintain excellent smoothness, billet can be phosphating. During continuous processing with rod and wire rod, the section can not be smoothed at present. The possibility of applying phosphating smoothing method is being studied.

　　Ji'nan Spring Heavy Forging Co., Ltd. 18764458888 was established in 1996 as one of the largest manufacturers of forgings in Ji'nan. The main forging, forging, forging and forging factories mainly produce all kinds of die steel, tool steel high speed steel, universal carbon billet and material processing, the maximum single piece production can reach 25 tons.